John Cohen s Broken Men An Ethnographic Expose Of...

In December of 2016 The New York Times published Roger Cohen’s ‘Broken Men in Paradise,’ an ethnographic exposà © of Australia’s offshore immigration detention system. â€Å"The world’s refugee crisis,† writes Cohen, â€Å"with its 65 million people on the move, more than at any time since 1945, knows no more sustained, sinister or surreal exercise in cruelty than the South Pacific quasi-prisons Australia has established for its trickle of the migrant flood.† Cohen’s Op-Ed 1 centers on interviews with detained refugees in the Manus Regional Processing Center, a facility on a remote tropical island in Northern Papua New Guinea and the holding ground for roughly 900 adult men seeking resettlement in Australia. Since its publication, the article’s comments section has exploded with vitriol; the scathing responses are seemingly endless, and read like careful composites of the most prevalent anti-immigration buzzwords: illegals, queue jumpers, economic migrants, leeches, welfare tourists and Jihadists. But Cohen, too, has a lexicon for the men of Manus Island. He calls them banished, political pawns, invisible and the walking dead. He analyzes Australia’s discursive obsession with the term boat people and the Orwellian contortions inherent in the phrase Offshore Processing Center. Most notably, Cohen calls his interviewees by their names. 1 Cohen, Roger. Broken Men In Paradise. 1 He introduces Benham Satah, a Kurdish refugee who has not been referred to by his given name for

What is Socially Believed to be Beautiful Free Essays

You can never be too thin or too rich, said the Duchess of Windsor. She might have added â€Å"or too pretty. † What psychologists call the â€Å"attractiveness stereotype† is so strong that beauty is literally equated with goodness. We will write a custom essay sample on What is Socially Believed to be Beautiful or any similar topic only for you Order Now Good-looking people are not only preferred for dates, friendships and jobs, they’re believed to have more intelligence and integrity. It goes without saying that the beauty bias is even more powerful and universal for women. Beautiful women are thought to be more feminine, and femininity is associated with being emotional, passive and nurturing (Heilman). There’s not much bad news about being beautiful. Helena Maria Viramonte†s â€Å"Miss Clairol† focuses on this point. She uses the characters of mother and daughter, Arlene and Champ, to emphasis the vanity of our culture and the reliance on the products required for a transformation into what is socially believed to be beautiful. Recently in history, women, who were far from being pawns and victims, used makeup to declare their freedom, identity, and sexual allure as they flocked to enter public life. The first social history of American beauty culture: a richly textured account of how women created the cosmetics industry and how cosmetics created the modern woman. You don’t need the latest census to tell you that America is, more than ever, a rainbow of faces with worldwide roots. More and more women of African, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American heritage are celebrating their own personal beauty, and the cosmetics industry is responding. Viramonte uses the character of Champ to show the changing mood in America towards the need to fall in line for men and the cultures expectations. Arlene is from an older generation that requires a man for survival. This was a time of women’s rights and freedom of expression. The women are entering the workplace side by side of men and the rules would change towards the believe of beauty is required to succeed in life (Heilman). It is very unfortunate, but very beautiful women are patronized in professional situations, sexually harassed in private and hassled on the street in greater numbers than their less stunning sisters. A breathtaking beauty can be isolated by both the jealousy of other women and men’s fear of rejection. Extremely beautiful women can also fall into their own snares. Some never challenge themselves beyond their looks, and end up in considerable fear of losing them. (In middle age, exceptional beauties have been found to be less happy than average-looking women. ) But, considering all the advantages, â€Å"Please don’t hate me because I’m beautiful† can sound like a ridiculous whine. Most of us would take the gamble. Because what is beautiful is sex-typed, attractive men are thought more competent, and attractive women less competent (Heilman). â€Å"Attractive women have a significant edge landing management positions because they are more able to step out of sex roles in the job market,†says psychologist Barry Gillen. The implication is that it pays to appear as unattractive and masculine as possible to succeed in traditional organizations. If all other factors being equal, the â€Å"good-looking† earn 10% more than the â€Å"homely,† and that the situation was worse for men than women (Wall Street Journal). Overall the attractive earn higher salaries, but a breakdown revealed that the advantage applied to men, older subjects and people in â€Å"male† jobs, but was not true for women, younger subjects and â€Å"female† jobs (Heilman). â€Å"The only aspect of corporate success that other executives don’t associate in some way with either gender or appearance,† says Madeline Heilman of New York University. A woman whose ascent is swift is considered to have risen due to her merit. Maria Viramonte†s â€Å"Miss Clairol† hits on the point of how sex an achievement into adulthood. The characters are shown to be mere objects to men, and sex is only a tool required to transport them to their belief of the American dream: little yellow house with a white picket fence, couple of kids, a dog, and a wonderful hard working husband as shown on television. Young women are warned, â€Å"Men only want one thing! † Older women have been heard to say, â€Å"So where are those sex maniacs? † As comedians know, timing is everything. Psychologists who examine biology to explain the differences between men’s and women’s attitudes toward sex connect men’s greater concern with a partner’s appearance to the evolutionary imperative to carry on the species: Men are seeking sex with a woman young enough to bear children. Women, on the other hand, look to a man’s status (often indistinguishable in our society from his bank account) to ensure protection while bearing and caring for the next generation. It’s a numbers game, say evolutionary psychologists: many sperm, few eggs. Men were programmed to sow as many seed as possible (screw anything that moves). Women were engineered to save their health and energy during the long human gestation period (could easily prefer a nap or a bite to eat). Though it may preserve elements of our evolutionary past, sexual attraction is more influenced by current cultural standards. The problem comes up when the standard is Barbie. Women judge themselves more harshly than men do. The majority of women believe men want them to be thinner, bustier and blonder than they are. Men prefer a larger ideal female figure than women do. Eighty-four percent of women think men prefer blonde hair; the real figure is 35%. Men tend to favor women with the same hair color they have. Men tend to think they’re fine just as they are. Women substantially overestimate society’s fixation on large breasts (Peacock). Women, who want â€Å"better† bodies aren’t just trying to please men, but are motivated by personal ideals. Today, 47% of normal-weight American women who think they are too fat are making themselves unhappy by buying into the improbable supermodel standard. Just as Champ is fixed on collected all the photos of ideal women from magazines. Champ and all women are lost in a void of what they believe are the aesthetics of beauty. What men want is not nearly as extraordinary as women might imagine. Psychologists and their term â€Å"attractiveness stereotype† are so strong that beauty is literally equated with goodness. Good-looking people are always going to have the advantage in our culture. That†s just the way it is, and most likely always will be. The shift is towards truth and not ignorance; smart people are winning more battles. The truth of it all is that in the end the battle of vanity, an undue pride in ourselves and our appearance will always end with us when we are all alone. How to cite What is Socially Believed to be Beautiful, Essay examples

Cultural Standards Are All That We Have free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper Cultural Standards Are All That We Have Our universe is a runing pot of different civilizations, each one unique in its ain regard. Who we are, and what we by and large believe to be true or right is a merchandise of what our society values. Because our manner of life is what we were raised to believe as right, it is frequently difficult to demur the fact that others live otherwise. In world, different civilizations have different moral codifications. The belief in the objectiveness and catholicity of moral truth is an unattainable ideal criterion, and holds no practical value. It is incontrovertible that some values vary from civilization to civilization. As one travels the universe, they will necessarily see diverging moral criterions in many countries, such as have oning apparels, funerary patterns, and abortion. For illustration, in Mainland China abortion is recognized as an of import tool to assist control population growing. In the Republic of Ireland, on the other manus, abortions are non readily available, even when the life of the female parent is at hazard. ( Internet ) Obviously, moralss vary in different societies, and it would be na ve non to admit this. Beliefs of different societies can non be said to be right or wrong, because those judgements would connote that there is a cosmopolitan criterion of right and incorrect. But a cosmopolitan criterion of right and incorrect is non merely hard to joint from an nonsubjective point of view, it is theoretically belly-up. Any person who attempts to explicate an nonsubjective set of values will ever neglect, because the prism through which they analyze the universe will necessarily be marred by their ain experiences and positions. Therefore, moral criterions are really cultural criterions, and nil more. Cultural Relativism posits that there are no cosmopolitan ethical truths, merely assorted cultural codifications. Cultural relativism is a theory about the nature of morality. ( 489 ) One proposition of this theory states that, it is mere haughtiness for us to seek to judge the behavior of other peoples. We should follow an attitude of tolerance toward the patterns of other civilizations. ( 489 ) This is an of import construct because it has a great trade of practical value. The societal and political domains in which we interact mundane are full with biass that can merely be challenged and defeated by unfastened heads. Our civilizations have trained us to believe a certain manner, and we must retrieve to be just in judging when our beliefs are challenged. On the surface, the societal imposts of civilizations different than ours may look inherently immoral. However, in most instances these imposts can be justified by an scrutiny of their historical context and cultural significance. For illustration, the Callatians, a folk of Indians, customarily eat the organic structures of their dead male parents. ( 488 ) Harmonizing to our cultural criterions, this act would be basically immoral. Because we were raised to believe that burying the dead, or cremating them is the merely right thing to make, we would see this act on behalf of the Callatians as morally incorrect. However, to the Callatians eating the flesh of the dead is considered to be an act of regard for the dead, while burying or cremating the dead is seen as dishonourable. ( 493 ) Our disapprobation of the Callatians funerary imposts, or their rejection of ours, can be attributed to the fact that different civilizations yield different moral codifications. It is of import to maintain an unfastened head when covering with other civilizations, because we can neer be confident that our ain socially determined values are in conformity with theirs. All single moral criterions derive from cultural criterions. Individual criterions are really a merchandise of cultural conditioning, and do non normally diverge from what a individual has been trained by their society to believe. From birth until decease a individual is engulfed in society, invariably subjected to endless sums of cultural propaganda. This cultural propaganda comes in the signifiers of advertizements, schooling, and faith. One can non read a newspaper, or watch telecasting without seeing countless advertizements that endorse ideals that are autochthonal to our society. Schools in America instill many thoughts in the young person of our state, and construct a foundation for their single beliefs. Because of this, many Americans single moral criterions are based on the same basic beliefs. If you were to near an American, and asked him, Do you believe in freedom of address, in most instances he would enthusiastically reply, yes without vacillation. However, if you asked the same inquiry to person from communist China, they may hold a different sentiment. Because people are raised to believe certain thoughts, in most instances their single ethical codifications conform to those of the society that they were raised in. Religion besides plays a important function in determining a individual s beliefs. Religious beliefs are sewn into the togss of a society, and they continually help model a individual s moral criterions. Religious ethical motives are normally the first set of ethical motives that a individual is officially taught. In a society with spiritual beliefs such as our ain, the Ten Commandments serve as general guidelines as to how to take your life. Harmonizing to these spiritual beliefs, to interrupt one of these commandments is to move amorally. On the most basic degree, it provides an reply to the rhetorical inquiry of what is moral and what is non. In other societies where different faiths prevail, different moral codifications spawn different single criterions. For illustration, in India, Hinduism forbids one to eat a cow ; it is considered a sacred animate being. They believe that the psyches of worlds inhibit the organic structures these animate beings, and to eat a cow would be the same as feeding that individual. ( Encyclopedia ) A Catholic individual on the other manus, would hold no job eating the meat from a cow. This shows how faith plays a instead big function in determining a individual s single ethical motives. Merely as faiths vary, single moral codifications vary every bit good. Many philosophers reject the thoughts expressed by the theory of Cultural Relativism. In Elementss of Moral Philosophy James Rachels attacks cultural relativism with an armory of statements. Rachels contends that if Cultural Relativism were taken earnestly, so there would be serious deductions that would follow. For illustration, if we were to take this theory earnestly, so we could non co ndemn a society for being violently Anti-Semitic. ( 490 ) I feel this is a defect in Rachel s statement. Although the Nazi s Holocaust run may look per se evil and immoral, by the Nazi s concluding it was wholly the antonym. The Nazis really believed that the Jews were a parasitic people, and thought them to be vermin. The Nazis thought that they were making the best possible thing for humanity by destructing the Jews. Because they thought the Jews to be damaging to society, this justified the agencies by which they were extinguishing them. Although I do non hold with this position, the Nazis did. By this logic, who is to judge whether or non it was an immoral action. There is no nonsubjective truth in morality, right and incorrect are lone affairs of sentiment. Rachels goes on to state that if Cultural Relativism were to be taken earnestly, so the thought of moral advancement is called into uncertainty. He says that, To state we have made advancement implies a judgement that contemporary society is better, and that is merely the kind of transcultural judgement that, harmonizing to Cultural Relativism, is impermissible. ( 491 ) I do non hold with this. I feel that moral advancement is an inevitable portion of life, and can non be avoided. As societies become more technologically advanced, there may be an ineluctable alteration in the moral criterions of that society. For illustration, 100s of old ages ago, most civilizations believed that the Sun revolved around the Earth, and that our planet was the centre of the existence. This crude, ethnocentric moral criterion is what people perceived to be the truth. However, as these societies became more advanced, they were able to obtain grounds that the Earth really revolves around the Sun. This al teration in idea can be considered moral advancement, because societies that have adopted this thought began to oppugn their topographic point in the existence. Contrary to old beliefs, many societies that have acknowledged the Sun as the centre of our solar system no longer believe that the full existence revolves around human being. This extremist alteration in thought represented a transmutation in moral criterions, and it in no manner violated the theory of Cultural Relativism. Rachels continues to claim that a cosmopolitan set of values exists, which are necessary for a society to last. These values include caring for babies, stating the truth, and forbiding slaying. He says that because these values are cosmopolitan, the theory of Cultural Relativism is invalid. ( 492 ) I do acknowledge that these values may be common throughout assorted civilizations, but merely because the endurance of a society is dependent on them. These values are inert features of human nature. Because all worlds have self-interest, they will ever make what is necessary to last. The fact that these features of worlds are common throughout assorted civilizations does non intend that the theory of Cultural Relativism does non work. Would Rachels postulate that the value of eating nutrient in order to populate debunks this theory? The values of eating nutrient, imbibing H2O, and even take a breathing to populate, are in the same class of caring for babies in order to guarantee the endu rance of a society. These values are non cosmopolitan moral criterions, but are really biological traits that are cosmopolitan to the full human species. Therefore, the theory of Cultural Relativism is non violated by Rachels s premiss. In The Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel Kant advocates the being of cosmopolitan Torahs. Kant stresses that the exclusive characteristic that gives an action moral worth is non the result that is achieved by the action, but the motivation that is behind the action. ( Internet ) Kant calls this responsibility the Categorical Imperative, and he gives a expression that will find whether or non an action is moral. The Categorical Imperative provinces, # 8220 ; Act merely harmonizing to that axiom by which you can at the same clip will that it should go a cosmopolitan law. # 8221 ; ( 563 ) In other words, Kant feels that an action is merely moral if you can will it upon the full universe, make it a cosmopolitan jurisprudence, and still hold society map. I feel that a major defect in Kant s Categorical Imperative is that different positions on a moral issue can give different consequences with his expression. For illustration, if one is faced with a state of affairs whe re they must lie in order to salvage a life, should they lie? Harmonizing to the Categorical Imperative, if one were to do lying a cosmopolitan jurisprudence, so we would populate in a contradictory universe. If we lived in a contradictory universe, so society could non work, therefore lying is immoral. However, when put up to the same trial, non salvaging a life would be immoral as good. Kant s answer to this quandary would be to do an exclusion for this instance. Alternatively proving lying under the categorical jussive mood, one would hold to prove prevarication in order to salvage a life. By leting exclusions like this, one could happen an exclusion for anything. Depending upon which manner you look at an issue, you can about ever warrant an action, and do it an exclusion to Kant s regulation. Because different angles on an issue produce different consequences with Kant s expression, cosmopolitan Torahs can non be at all. The thought of Categorical Imperatives, or cosmopolitan r esponsibilities is an unattainable ideal criterion. After analysing many different point of views, I have come to reason that cosmopolitan moral criterions do non be because it is impossible for everybody everyplace to believe in common thoughts ; the universe s civilizations are far excessively diverse for this. Furthermore, to state that cosmopolitan moral criterions exist would connote that these moral criterions transcend human being, and use to any rational animals that exist anyplace in the existence. Although we do non cognize of any animals to be beyond the boundaries of Earth, I think that it would be chesty to state that any human moral criterions would use to these existences every bit good. In my sentiment, the beliefs of different societies, or excess tellurian existences, can non be said to be right or wrong because this would connote that an nonsubjective ethical truth exists. In world, merely the assorted cultural moral codifications are in being, and hence all moral criterions are really cultural criterions. A hunt fo r a cosmopolitan ethical truth would be a bootless ceaseless traffic circle of statements between different people and different civilizations.

Tips for Writing the Best London Business School Mba Essay Essay Example

Tips for Writing the Best London Business School Mba Essay Paper Different people write mba application essay in different ways. Some of them pay attention to setting up a business plan, a business financial plan, business marketing plan. But our recommendation would be to follow our mba application packages. The following requirements characterize the structure of the business school essay: The author presents his point of view in the form of the abstract thesis. The thought must be backed up by evidence – that’s why arguments follow thesis (arguments). Thus, business school programme acquires an annular structure (the number of theses and arguments depends on the topic, the chosen plan, the logic of the development of thought): We will write a custom essay sample on Tips for Writing the Best London Business School Mba Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tips for Writing the Best London Business School Mba Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tips for Writing the Best London Business School Mba Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 1.Introduction. 2.Main body: thesis, arguments (1); again thesis, arguments (2); -and again thesis, arguments (3); 3.Conclusion. During writing business school programme, it is important to consider the following points: -The introduction and conclusion of consulting our mba should focus attention on the problem. -It is necessary to highlight paragraphs, red lines, and establish the logical connection of application essay questions: thus the integrity of the work is achieved. -Style of presentation: emotionality, expressiveness, artistic nature characterize the optional essay. Experts believe that one can provide the proper effect by short, simple, diverse intonation sentences, the skillful use of the most modern punctuation mark a dash. However, the style reflects the peculiarities of the person; it is also useful to remember about it. Essay questions london for your paper Before you start writing school mba, focus your attention on the following essay questions. Common knowledge is that the answers to such questions will help you realize which aspects it is better to clarify in writing: 1.Affecting your personal qualities or abilities in the essay, ask yourself: Do I differ in quality from those I know? What did this quality manifest? About the activity you are engaged in: What made me take up this kind of activity? Why did I continue to do this? 3.About every event of your life that you’ve mentioned: Why do I remember this particular event? Has it changed me as a person? How did I react to this? Was it a revelation for me; what have not I suspect before? 4.About every person you mentioned: Why did I call that particular person? Do I want to become like he? What qualities do I admire? Have they been told something that I will remember all my life? Did I review my views? 5.About each of your preferences and what you do not like: Why do I like or do not like it?   Has this circumstance affected to a large extent my life? 6.About every one of your failures: What did I learn as a result? What useful thing did I get out of this situation? Application essay classification You may write your London business school essay in the next formats: 1.From the point of view of the contents of the essay editing: philosophical; literary-critical; historical; artistic; artistic and journalistic; spiritual and religious, etc. 2.According to the literary form, the school mba appear in the form: reviews; lyrical miniature; notes; diary pages; letters and other. 3.Also they distinguish: descriptive; narrative; reflexive; critical; analytical and others. In this case, we base the compositional features of the work on the genre of the focused mba essay. Finally, we can present the classification of the mba in   two large groups: -personal, subjective essay, where the main element is the disclosure of one or another aspect of the authors personality. -application packages, where someone subordinates the person to the subject of the description or some idea. Essay tips you need to pay attention to It is possible to highlight some common features (genres) of the business school essay, which you can find   in encyclopedias and dictionaries: 1.A small volume. Of course, there are no hard borders. The volume of the optional london business school essay is from three to seven pages of computer text. For example, the Harvard Business School often writes essays just on two pages. 2.A particular topic and emphasized the subjective interpretation of it. The theme of the business school optional essay is always specific. The essay cannot contain many themes or ideas (thoughts). It reflects only one option, one thought. And develops it. This is the answer to one question. 3.A free composition is an important feature of business school education essay. Researchers note that such structure of essay does not tolerate any formal frameworks. It is often built contrary to the laws of logic, obeys arbitrary associations. 4.The ease of narration. It’s important to the author of the paper to establish an open style of communication, the information you believe with the reader. If you want to be understood, you need to avoid deliberately complicated, obscure, unnecessarily rigorous constructions. Researchers note that a good essay can be written by one, who is fluent in the topic. Sees it from different sides, and is ready to present to the reader not an exhaustive. But a multidimensional look at the phenomenon, that has become the starting point of his reflections. 5.The propensity for paradoxes. Mba goals are intended to surprise the reader (listener) this is, according to many researchers, his essential quality. The starting point for reflections embodied in the essay is often an aphoristic, vivid statement or a paradoxical definition. It   literally confronts, at first glance, indisputable, but mutually exclusive statements, characteristics, theses. Two more tips 6.Internal semantic unity. Perhaps this is one of the paradoxes of the globally focused mba genre. The essay is free in composition genre, oriented to subjectivity, has an internal semantic unity, and at the same time, the consistency of key theses and assertions, the internal harmony of arguments and associations, and the consistency of those judgments where the author expresses his position. 7.Orientation to conversational speech. It is necessary to avoid using slang in the application essays, template phrases, word cuts, too frivolous tone. If you feel that it’s a bit hard for you to write london business school mba essay on your own, we want to mention that there is always someone ready to help. https://paperap.com/ is one of the most popular services of writing any kind of essay at any time you want.